Discourse Investigation of Shiite Exegesis is Kūfa; Reviewing Exegetical Views of “Saʽīd b. Jubayr:

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Tehran University

Abstract

The effective function of “historical discourse investigation” in religious studies and especially in Quran exegesis, pushed us to analyze Saʽīd b. Jubayr’s exegetical statements, as one of the most Shiite effective exegetes in Kūfa. Applying this method, we prove that the prevalent atmosphere of the Saʽīd’s exegesis is “historical” and “jurisprudential” discourse, which connects with Shiite materials, and the structure of this discourse is Questioning or Non–Ta’avīlī; the former indicates the beginning of “questioning culture” and paving the way for giving Authority to the Quran and the Prophet’s speech and the latter points to practical and standard reading (recitation of the Quran) dominating the Saʽīd’s exegesis of which some Shiite fundamental concepts are distinguished. This practical reading, by the title of “acceptance of understanding the Quran” became later a mere scientific discussion.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. Bibliography:

    1. The Holy Qurʼān.
    2. Ahmadzadeh, SA. Naqsh Imam Sajjad Dar Ma'are E'teqadi Imamiyeh (The role of Imam Sajjad in the theological teachings of Imamiyeh). Ali Rad. University of Quran and Hadith; 2013.
    3. Al-Haidari, S.K. Wahhabiyat Istimrar-e fikr ‘Umaviyan (Wahhabism Continuing Umayyad's Thought). Qom: Al-Mustafa University; 2013.
    4. Azizi, H. Rastegar, P. & Bayat, Y. “Ravian-e Moshtarak; Pazhuheshi Dar Bazshenasi Ravian-e Moshtarak-e Shi'a va Ahle Sunnat” (Common narrators; A study on the recognition of Shi'ite and Sunni narrators). Qom: Boostan-e Ketab; 2001.
    5. Biyabani Oskouyi, M. Nubuwwat (prophecy), Tehran: Nabavi Publication; 2011.
    6. Faryab, MH. “Bazkhani Barahine Aqli Motekalleman-e Imamiyeh Bar ‘Esmat-e Imam Ta Payan-e Qarn-e Panjom-e Hejri” (Review of the intellectual arguments of the Imami theologians on the infallibility of the Imam by the end of the fifth century AH”. Journal of Andishey-e Novin-e Dini; 2012: 8 (30).
    7. Iravani Najafi, M. & Shapasand, E. “Naqdi bar Nazariyyeye Tahrim-e Tadriji-e Khamr” (A Critique of The Gradual Prohibition of Drinking). Journal of Amouzehaye Qur’ani; 2011: 14.
    8. Madelung, W. Schools and Islamic sects in the Middle Ages. Trans. Javad Ghasemi. Mashhad: Islamic Research Foundation of Astan Qods Razavi; 2008.
    9. Mahdavi-Rad, MA. “Islam-e ‘Umavi; Bonyadha va Amouzeha” (Umayyad Islam; Foundations and Teachings). Journal of Ayeney-e Pazhuhesh; 2013, 23 (133).
    10. Mohammadi Rey Shahri, M. Daneshnamey-e Imam Mahdi Bar Payey-e Quran, Hadith va Tarikh (Encyclopedia of Imam Mahdi Based on the Quran, Hadith and History). in collaboration with Seyed Mohammad Kazem Tabatabaei and a group of researchers. Trans. Abdolhadi Masoudi. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.Mahdavi-Rad, Mohammad Ali (2003). Afagh-e Tafsir (Horizons of Quran Exegesis). Tehran: Hasti-Nama Publications; 2014.
    11. Nafisi, S. & Mi-Hashemi, F. “Hamm-e Yousof Dar Partov-e Revayat-e Ahl-e Bayt” (Yusuf’s Hamm in the light of the traditions of Ahlul-Bayt). Journal of Tafsir-e Ahlul-Bayt; 2014, 2 (2).
    12. Nasravi, M. Bazsazi Gofteman-e Mohammad Dar Sahifey-e Sajjadiyeh (Rebuilding Mohammed's Discourse in Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh). Ahmad Pakatchi. Department of General Linguistics of Allameh Tabatabaei University; 2015.
    13. Rad, A. & Qazizadeh, K. “Barrasiy-e Do Nazariyyeh Darbareye Varethan Bagozideye Qur’an Ba Ta’kid Bar Ahadith A’immah” (The Study of Two Theories on the Selected Heirs of the Qur'an with emphasis on the Imams' Hadiths). The Journal of ‘Uloum-e Hadith; 2011, 16 (17).
    14. Rad, A. “Gouneshenasi Ahadith Tafsiri: Az Nazariye Ta Tatbiq” (The typology of interpretive hadiths; from theory to adaptation). Journal of Tafsir-e Ahl-e Bayt; 2014, The second year: the first issue.
    15. Rahman-Setayesh, MK & Gholamali, M. “Naqd-e Pendarey-e Rouygardani Muhadithan-e Shi’a Az Asnad” (Criticizing the Ignorance of Asnād by Shiite Scholars). Journal of Tahqiqat-e Qur’an va Hadith; 2015, 12 (3).
    16. Tarandak, J. Tafsir-e Saeid bin Jubayr va Naqsh An Dar Tatavvor-e Tafsir (Sa'id bin Jubayr's Commentary and its role in the development of Commentary). Tehran: Payam-e Azadi; 1999.
    17. ‘Ayāshī, MM. Kitāb al-Tafsīr. Research: S. Hashem Rasouli Mahallati. Tehran: Elmiyeh Publications; n.d.
    18. Ahmad Zakī Ṣafwat. Jamharat-u Khuṭab al-‘Arab fī ‘Uṣūr al-‘Arabīyyat al-Zāhirah. Cairo: Al-Maktabat al-‘Ilmīyyah; n.d.
    19. Aḥrānī, SHS. Al-Burhān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’an. Research by Department of Islamic Studies of Al-Bi’thah Institute. Qom: n.p.; n.d.
    20. Al-‘Amrānī, A. Muwsū'at Madrasa Makka fi al-Tafsīr. Cairo, Egypt: Dar al-Salam li-Ţabā'ah wa-Nashr wa-Tawzī' wa-Tarjamah; 1432 AH.
    21. Al-'Azudī, ‘AGh. Kitāb al-Mutawārīn. Research by Mashhūr Hassan Mahmoud Salman. Damascus: Dar al-Qalam li-Ţabā'ah wa-Nashr wa-Tawzī'; 1410 AH.
    22. Al-'Azudī, FSh. Al-'Īḍāḥ. Tehran: Tehran University Press and Publishing Institute; 1984.
    23. Al-Burāḳī Najafī, SHS. Ta’rīkh al-Kūfah. Additions: S. Mohammad Sādiḳ Bahr al-‘Ulūm. Beirut: Dar al-Aḍwā’; 1407 AH.
    24. Al-Ḥusseinī, HSMW. Sa'īd bin Jubayr wa Marwīyātihī fi al-'Akhbār wal-Ḥadīth wa-Tafsīr. n.p: Al-'I'tiṣām Publications; 1427 AH.
    25. Al-Kūfī, I'ASh. Al-Muṣannaf. Research: Sa'īd Al-Laḥām. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr Li-Ţabā'ah wa-Nashr wa-Tawzī'; 1409 AH.
    26. Al-Nashār, AS. Nasa'at al-Fikr al-‘Islāmī fil-Islām. Cairo: Dar al-Salaam & Dar al-Ma'ārif; 1429 AH.
    27. Al-Qarashī, BSh. Ḥayāt al-Imām Zain al-‘Ābidīn Dirāsatun wa Taḥlīlatun. Beirut: Dar al-Aḍwā’; 1409 AH.
    28. Hosseini Mīlānī, A. Al-Rasā’il al-‘Ashr fī al-'Aḥādīth al-Mawḍū'a fī Kutub al-Sunnah. Qom: al-Ḥaḳā’iḳ; 1428 AH.
    29. Ibn Abi al-Ḥadīd, ‘I‘AḤH. Sharḥ-u Nahjulbalāghah. Research: Muhammad ʼAbulfaḍl Ibrahim. Beirut: Dar ʼIḥyā’ al-Kutub al-‘Arabīyyah; 1999.
    30. Ibn ʼAthīr, ‘IʼA. al-Kāmil fi al-Tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir; 1965.
    31. Ibn Bābiwayh, MA (Shaikh Ṣadūḳ) & Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Nu'mān (Shaikh Mufīd). ‘I'tiḳādāt al-'Imāmīyyah wa Taṣḥīḥ al-'I'tiḳād.  Qom: Sheikh Mufīd Congress; 1414 AH.
    32. Ibn Ḳutaybah Dīnewarī, AM. Al-Imāmah Wa-Sīasah. Research: ‘A Shīrī. Beirut: Dar al-Aḍwā’; 1410 AH.
    33. Ibn Waḍḍāḥ, M. Al-Bad' Wal-Nahy-u Anhā. By the efforts of ‘Amr Salim, Cairo, Jeddah: Maktabat Ibn Taymiyya & Maktabat Al-‘Ilm; 1416 AH.
    34. 'Irbilī, AAF. Kashf al-Qummah fī Ma’rifat al-'A'immah. Beirut: Dar al-Aḍwā’; n.d.
    35. Ḳumī, AI. Tafsīr al-Ḳumī. Research: S. Tayyeb Mousavi Jazayeri. Qom: Dar al-Kitāb; 1988.
    36. Mīrzā Nūrī, H. Mustadrak al-Wasā’il. Beirut: Mu’assisatu ‘Āl al-Bayt li 'Iḥyā’ al-Turāth; 1408 AH.
    37. Mizzī, J'AHY. Tahdhīb al-Kamāl fi ʼAsmā’ al-Rijāl. Research: Dr. Bashār ‘Awād Ma’rūf. Beirut: Al-Risālah Institute; 1409 AH.
    38. Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Nu'mān (Shaikh Mufīd). Khulāṣat al-‘Ījāz. Beirut: Dar al-Mufid; 1414 AH.
    39. Muḳadasī, MA. Aḥsan al-Taḳāsīm fī Ma'rifat al-'Aḳālīm. Cairo: Maktabat Madbūlī; 1411 AH.
    40. Ṣanʽānī, ‘AH. Al-Muṣannaf. Research: Habib al-Rahman A'zami. n.p; n.d.
    41. Suyūṭī, JD. Ta'rīkh al-Khulafā. Research: Mohammad Muḥyu al-Dīn Abdul Hamid. Beirut: Dar al-Jalīl; 1408 AH.
    42. Ṭabarānī, SA. Al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr. Research: Hamdī 'Abdulmajīd al-Salafī. Beirut: Dar 'Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī; n.d.
    43. Ţabāṭabā’ī, SMH. Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’an. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, 5th ed; 1417 AH.
    44. Ţabrisī, FH. Majmaʽ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’an. Introduction by: M. Jawad Balaghi. Tehran: Naser Khosrov Publications; 1993.
    45. Thābit bin Dīnar, ‘AḤTh. Tafsār al-Qur’an al-Karīm. Research: Abdul Razzāḳ Mohammad Hussein Ḥirz al-Dīn and Mohammad Hādī Ma'rifat. Beirut: Dar al-Mufīd; 1420 AH.
    46. Ṭūsī, MH. Al-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʼan. Introduction by Sheikh Aghabuzurg Tehrani and Research by Ahmad Qaṣī ‘Āmulī. Beirut: Dār Īhyā’ al-Turāth al-'Arabī; n.d.
    47. Ya'ḳūbī, AAY. Ta’rīkh al-Ya'ḳūbī. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir; n.d.
    48. C. judd Steven. Religious scholars and the Omayyad; piety minded supporters of the Marvanid caliphate. Routledge; 2014.