The Position of “Emotions” in Moral Education from Point of View of “Caring Approach” and “Qur’anic Ethical Teachings”; a Comparative Study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD candidate of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Qur’an and Hadith Sciences Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Educational Sciences Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

This writing aims to investigate the position of emotions in ethical education from the viewpoint of the caring approach and ethical teachings of the Qur’an. Based on the descriptive-analytical and comparative method, firstly the goals and methods of ethical education in caring approach are explained, through referring to relevant researches. Secondly, the goals and methods of ethical education are extracted from the holy Qur’an, represented in three titles of thought, feeling and behavior. Comparing the goals and methods of ethical education in the caring approach with Qur’anic teachings, finally, the position of feelings in the moral education, in the Qur’an and in the caring approach is explained and compared. The results show that, from the viewpoint of the caring approach and ethical teachings of the Qur’an, the education of ethical emotions has a high state and an important and influential role in moral education; in contrast to Noddings, who considers emotion as the basic criterion in morality, the holy Qur’an considering the moral education of man, pays attention to all three dimensions of his perception (knowledge), feeling and behavior; moreover, from the point of view of the Qur'an, the education of feelings and moral emotions of man must be based on intellect and thought.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. The Holy Qur’an.
  2. Abedi L. "The Goals of Education from the Point of View of the Infallibles (PBUTH)". Misbah; 1384 HS. No. 57, pp. 39-74.
  3. Asadian S. Qotbi S. Shaeiri M. “Preliminary Design of the Model of ‘Ḥayā’’ regard to Qur’anic Verses and its Comparing with Psychology of ‘Shame’”. Clinical Psychology; 1394 HS. no12, pp. 145-158.
  4. Baqeri Kh. A Look at Islamic Education. Tehran: Madrese Publications; 1385 HS.
  5. Barin S. The Study of the Position of Reason and Affection in Moral Education from the Viewpoint of Professor Motahari”. MA Dissertation at Allameh Tabataba'i University; 1379 HS.
  6. Beheshti M. "Education of Emotions from the Perspective of Amir al-Mu'minīn Imam Ali (PBUH)". Applied Issues in Islamic Education; 1379 HS. no. 4, pp. 569-592.
  7. Davoudi M. "Approaches and Fundamental Questions in Moral Education". Society of Islamic Education; 1385 HS. No. 2, pp. 153-175.
  8.  Davoudi M. The Prophet’s and Ahlul-Bayt’s Educational Method. Qom: Research Center of the Islamic Seminary and University; 1388 HS.
  9.  Fazlullah SMH. Min Waḥy al-Qur’an Commentary. Beirut: Dar al-Malāk; 1419.
  10.  Firoozmehr MM. Ethical Education with a Look at Qur’an. Qom: Boostan ketab; 1393 HS.
  11.  Ghaffari A. "Affectiveism in Ethics; Historical Background to a Postmodern Situation". Islamic Studies; 1384-A HS. No. 71, pp. 147-190.
  12.  Ghaffari A. "Moral ethics and education from the Point of View of a Care Approach: An Alternative to Kohlberg's Approach". Educational and Psychological Studies. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; 1384-B HS. No. 2, pp. 5-28.
  13.  Ghaffari A. Two Contemporary Approaches to Ethical Education. Tehran: Jahad Daneshgahi Publications; 1385 HS.
  14.  Gholami R. "Review of the Quadruple of Family". Keyhan Newspaper, 23/5/1396 HS.
  15.  Haji Babaeian Amiri M. Practical Ethical Educational Methods in Islam. Tehran: Soroush Publishing; 1388 HS.
  16.  Haqiqat Sh. & Mazidi M. "Assessment and Evaluation of the Philosophical Grounds and Educational Methods of Four Approaches to Contemporary Ethical Education". Religious Thought (Shiraz University); 1387 HS. No. 26, pp. 105-134.
  17.  Hashemi Sayed Hussein. "Nature and Objectives of Education". Qur’anic Researches; 1388 HS. Nos. 59 and 60, pp. 30-71.
  18.  Hatami E. & Ghaffari A. "A critical Review of Communal ethics of Nadings, with emphasis on the Viewpoint of Jawadi 'Amoli in the Book of Mafātīḥ al-Ḥayāt". Research on Islamic Education Issues; 1393 HS. No. 22, pp. 59-83.
  19.  Hojjati SMB. A Study in the History of the Holy Qur'an. Tehran: Publishing Office of Islamic Culture; 1386 HS.
  20.  Ḥurr ʻĀmilī MBHBʻ. Wasāʼil Al-Shīʻah. Qom: Āl al-Bayt li ʼIḥyāʼ al-Turāth Institute; 1409 AH.
  21. Ḥuwayzī ʻA'ABJ. Tafsīr Nūr Al-Thaqalayn. Qom: Ismaʻīlīan; 1415 AH, 4th ed.
  22. Ibn Manẓūr MBM. Līsān Al-ʻArab. Researched: Jamal al-Din Mir-Dāmādī. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr-Dar al-Ṣadir; 1414 AH, 3rd ed.
  23.  Jalali H. "An Introduction to the Issue of Insight, Tendency, and Action and Their Interactions". Ma'rifat; 1380 HS. No. 50, pp. 45-55.
  24.  Javadi ‘Amoli A. Human's Face and Inside (Being) in the Qur’an. Qom: 'Isra’ Publications; 1381 HS.
  25.  Javadi ‘Amoli A. Mafātīḥ al-Ḥayāt. Qom: 'Isra’ Publications; 1391 HS.
  26.  Kulaynī MBY. ‘Uṣūl al-Kāfī. Qom: Dar al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah; 1365 HS.
  27.  Makarem-Shīrazī N. Tafsīr-e Nemuneh (Selected Commentary). Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah; 1374 HS.
  28.  Mansouri Qezelhasar Sh. Professional Qualification of the Teaches of Primary Schools in Torbat Jam City in Moral Education. MA Dissertation by Abolfazl Ghafari, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; 1394 HS.
  29.  Mardani Nokande M. "Charity ('Iḥsān and 'Infāq) in the View of Verses and Traditions". Kayhan-e Farhangi; 1382 HS. No. 205, pp. 32-35.
  30.  Motahari M. Education in Islam. Tehran: Sadra Publications; 1382 HS.
  31.  Movahed S. Baqeri Kh. Salahshouri A. "A comparative Study of the Views of Imam Mohammad Ghazali and Nels Nadings on Moral Education". Religious Thought of Shiraz University; 1387 HS. No. 27, pp. 39-60.
  32.  Mulla Sadra MBI. Tafsīr al-Qur’an al-Karīm. Qom: Bidar Publications; 1366 HS.
  33.  Najafi M. Mottaqi Z. Nosrati-Hashi K. "Organizing System of Emotional Education Based on Qur’anic Teachings". Research on Islamic Educational Issues; 1394 HS. No. 29, pp. 49-82.
  34.  Naraghi MMM. Jāmi' al-Sa'ādāt. Researched: S. Muhammad Kalantar. Najaf: Dar al-Nu'mān; nd.
  35.  Noddings N. Caring: A Relational Approach to Ethics & Moral Education. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press; 1986.
  36.  Noddings N. Educating Moral People. New York and London: Teachers College Press; 2002 b.
  37.  Noddings N. Philosophy of Education. Westwiew Press: A Member of Perseus Books, L.L.C; 1998.
  38.  Noddings N. Starting at Home. Berkeley, Los Angeles & London: University of California Press; 2002 a.
  39.  Noddings N. The Challenge to Care in Schools: An Alternative Approach to Education. New York: Teachers College Press; 1992.
  40.  Rāghib Isfahāni HBM. Al-Mufradīt fī Gharīb Al-Qur’an. Damascus: Dar al-‘Ilm; 1412 AH.
  41.  Raghib Isfahani, H. (1412 AH), Almfrdat fi Qarib al- Quran, Damascus: Dar al-Elam.
  42.  Rouhani-Nezhad H. Education in Islam. Qom: Zamzam Hedayat; 1389 HS.
  43.  Ṣadūq MA. ʻIlal al-Sharāʼiʻ. Researched: S. Muhammad Sādiq Baḥrul’ulūm. Najaf: Al-Maktabat al-Ḥaydarīyah Publications; 1385 HS.
  44.   Ṣadūq MA. Man Lā Yaḥḍaruh al-Faqīh. Qom: Jamā'ah Publications; 1404 AH.
  45.  Sajjadi SI. "The Qur’an and the Ethical Value of Emotion and Affection". Qur’anic Researches; 1390 HS. No. 68, pp. 20-43.
  46.  Salahshouri A. Ahmad-zadeh MR. "The Position of Reason and Affection in Moral Education". Ethical Education; 1390 HS. No. 12, pp. 121-139.
  47.  Sayed Quṭb. Fī Zilāl al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Shurūq; 1412 AH.
  48.  Ṭabāṭabāʼī SMḤ. Al-Mizān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’an. Qom: Islamic Publications Office of Teachers Society; 1417 AH.
  49.  Ṭabrisī FBH. Majamaʻ Al-Bayān fī Tafsīr Al-Qurʼan. Tehran: Naser Khosrow Publications; 1372 HS.
  50.  Ṭabrisī FBH. Makārim Al-Akhlāq. Qom: Sharif Raḍī; nd.
  51.  Tajoddin M. Pazargadi M. "The Holy Qur’an and the Educational Movement: Educational Components and Indicators from the Perspective of the Holy Qur'an". Kosar; 1388 HS. No. 32, pp. 47-62.
  52.  Zarrabi AR. "The Purposes of Religious Education from the Perspective of the Qur’an". Ma'rifat; 1394 HS. No. 24 (1), pp. 65-53.