Dating prophetic traditions which implied that the prophet prayed for whom were accursed by him in Sunni collections

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Candidate of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, University of Tarbiyat Modares, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, University of Tarbiyat Modarres, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, University of Tarbiyat Modarres, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, University of Tarbiyat Modares, Iran

Abstract

Dating fabricated traditions provides valuable information about social, political and cultural conditions of first centuries of Islamic society. One sample of false traditions is prophetic traditions which implied that the prophet prayed for whom were accursed by him in Sunni collections of Hadith. This article using content analysis and different methods of dating traditions, indicates historical and geographical origin of these hadiths and their forgers’ intellectual, political and social tendencies. In gathering information library method and in investigating the data analytical and descriptive methods were used. By the end of the third century these traditions are contained in 16 sunni sources. The findings show that these traditions were most probably fabricated in line with Umayyads policies before 58 A.H by Abū Huraira and ʿĀʾisha or in their names and were spread in Medina, Syria, Iraq, Bahrain and then in Mecca, Egypt, Yamen and Wāsiṭ. In the next generations some narrators copied these traditions or made new ones with the same contents and different forms and attributed them to companions such as al-Jabir, Salmān, Abū Saʿīd al-Khūdrī, Abū aṭ-Ṭūfail and ʾAnas who transmitted narrations in which Ummayds were condemned and Imam ʾAlī was praised. The most important aim of Ummayds in forging these traditions was to neutralize the influence of prophetic tradition in which Ummayds were accursed and blamed.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Researches of Quran and Hadith Sciences
Volume 17, Issue 3 - Serial Number 47
December 2020
Pages 75-118

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History

  • Receive Date: 31 December 2019
  • Revise Date: 30 September 2020
  • Accept Date: 22 June 2020

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