An Analytical Study of Sanads and Implications of Interpretive Narrations of Verse 31 of Surah Al-Baqarah to Pre-Existence for Ahl al-Bayt (AS)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Alzahra University, Tehran. Iran

3 Assistant Professor, University of Sciences and Teachings of the Holy Qur’an, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Regarding to the appointment of the Divine caliph, the Holy Qur’an mentions teaching the names to Prophet Adam (AS), namely those names presented to the angels who declared their ignorance: “And He taught Adam the Names, all of them; then presented them to the angels” (Q, 2:31). The quiddity and instances of these names have always been discussed and disputed by exegetes, which may be categorized into two: 1) God taught him the whole realities of the world. 2) God introduced him the souls of the Ahl Al-Bayt (AS), based upon three interpretive narrations. Analyzing the sanads and contents, this study assesses the three aforementioned narrations to be reliable, regarding Qur’anic and narrative evidence. Then, with regards to another group of narrations that are in contrast to these narrations, from among three approaches of the exegetes, the collective view between the two categories of narrations is selected. In order to solve the issues presented by some exegetes, it is concluded that the realities of all beings in the universe were taught to Prophet Adam, the highest instances of which were the souls of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS). However, the names presented to the angels, of which they were not aware due to their lower rank, were only the realities of Ahl al-Bayt (AS). The in-text evidence of the verse, such as the difference in the pronouns, the difference in the usage of the word “teaching” regarding to Prophet Adam (AS), and the word “inform” regarding to the angels, as well as the accuracy in using the words of the three narrations reinforces this idea. Therefore, the verse of “teaching the names” by referring to these three narrations indicates the lightening existence of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and the precedence of their shining creation over the creation of Adam (AS).

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Main Subjects

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 May 2021
  • Revise Date: 25 August 2021
  • Accept Date: 17 July 2021

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